Which structure is cut during carpal tunnel release to relieve median nerve pressure?

During carpal tunnel release, the flexor retinaculum, which is also known as the transverse carpal ligament, is the primary structure that is cut to relieve pressure on the median nerve. This ligament forms a roof over the carpal tunnel, a narrow passageway that houses the median nerve and flexor tendons.

Releasing the flexor retinaculum allows for an increase in the volume of the tunnel, thereby alleviating the compression of the median nerve that leads to conditions such as carpal tunnel syndrome. By cutting this ligament, the surgical procedure effectively expands the space within the carpal tunnel, providing relief from symptoms like numbness, tingling, and weakness in the hand.

Other structures mentioned play roles in the region but do not directly contribute to the pressure of the median nerve in the way that the flexor retinaculum does. For instance, the palmar fascia, while located in the palm, does not cover the carpal tunnel and is not involved in its constriction. The thenar muscles are related to the movement of the thumb but are not part of the carpal tunnel's anatomy. Thus, the focus on the transverse carpal ligament is crucial for successfully addressing the symptoms associated with median nerve