What condition involving the large intestine may require surgical intervention due to a telescoping segment?

Intussusception is a condition that occurs when a segment of the intestine telescopes into an adjacent segment, leading to obstruction and potential compromise of blood supply to the affected area. This process can result in significant abdominal pain, abdominal swelling, and other gastrointestinal symptoms. If left untreated, intussusception may lead to ischemia, perforation, or necrosis of the bowel tissue, which can be life-threatening.

Surgical intervention is often required to correct intussusception, particularly if the condition does not resolve spontaneously or with non-invasive measures such as an air contrast enema. In some cases, if the condition persists or if there are signs of complications, surgery becomes essential to resect the affected segment and restore normal bowel function.

Although conditions like diverticulitis and appendicitis may also necessitate surgical treatment, they involve different pathophysiological mechanisms and typically do not present with the specific telescoping effect seen in intussusception. Bowel obstruction can occur due to various causes, but it does not inherently imply that telescoping of the bowel has occurred. Therefore, intussusception is uniquely characterized by this telescoping phenomenon and its associated need for surgical intervention.