If axillary nodes are taken during breast surgery, the long thoracic nerve may be damaged. This will lead to a:

When the long thoracic nerve is damaged, one of the primary consequences is the weakness of the serratus anterior muscle, which plays a crucial role in the stabilization of the scapula during shoulder movements. The dysfunction of this muscle can lead to a condition commonly known as "winged scapula," where the scapula protrudes away from the back, causing impaired shoulder function and significant restriction in the range of motion. As a result, this can lead to difficulties in overhead activities and an abnormal posture, giving rise to symptoms akin to those of a "frozen shoulder," characterized by stiffness and decreased range of motion.

While numbness, sensation changes, and weakness in elbow flexion might occur due to other nerve injuries, they are not directly associated with the long thoracic nerve. Therefore, the impact of damage to this nerve manifests primarily through the motor function of the shoulder, making the resulting dysfunction comparable to a frozen shoulder rather than the other sensory or muscular deficits listed in the alternative options.