Which of the following clamps are used for a carotid endarterectomy?

In carotid endarterectomy, bulldog clamps are commonly used to occlude the carotid artery during the procedure. These clamps are designed to provide a secure grip on the artery while minimizing trauma to the vessel wall. The specific design of bulldog clamps—typically featuring a wide, flat surface—allows for even pressure distribution, which reduces the risk of complications such as arterial dissection or injury.

Utilizing bulldog clamps is essential for achieving a clear surgical field by controlling blood flow, allowing the surgeon to safely remove plaque from the carotid artery. While hemostatic clamps and coagulation clamps may be used in various surgical contexts to control bleeding by compressing blood vessels or tissue, they do not have the same intended application in the context of carotid endarterectomy. Curved clamps, while versatile, are not specifically designed for the occlusion of large arteries like the carotid. Thus, bulldog clamps are the optimal choice for this particular surgical procedure.