What procedure is performed to correct gastroesophageal reflux disease?

Nissen Fundoplication is a surgical procedure specifically designed to address gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). This condition occurs when stomach acid flows back into the esophagus, leading to symptoms such as heartburn and regurgitation. The Nissen Fundoplication involves wrapping the top portion of the stomach (the fundus) around the lower esophagus, creating a valve mechanism that prevents acid reflux.

This procedure strengthens the lower esophageal sphincter, enhancing its ability to keep stomach contents from entering the esophagus. By improving this barrier, the Nissen Fundoplication effectively reduces the symptoms associated with GERD and helps prevent potential complications related to chronic reflux, such as esophagitis or Barrett's esophagus.

Other procedures mentioned may have different indications. For example, Heller myotomy is aimed at treating achalasia, a condition affecting esophageal motility, while the term "fundoplication" generally refers to a group of procedures that include various forms of esophageal fundoplication but does not specify the Nissen technique itself. Laproscopic gallbladder surgery is unrelated, as it addresses gallbladder pathology rather than GERD. Understanding both the specific nature of the Nissen Fundoplication and the distinctions among