What is the most common indication for performing a fistulotomy?

The most common indication for performing a fistulotomy is the drainage of abscesses. A fistulotomy involves surgically opening and draining the tract of a fistula, which is a pathological connection between two anatomical spaces. Often, these fistulas are associated with perianal abscesses, which can cause significant pain, swelling, and discomfort. When an abscess is present, it typically leads to the formation of a fistula as the body attempts to create an outward channel for infected material to escape.

Performing a fistulotomy effectively treats the underlying infection and allows for proper drainage, promoting healing and reducing the risk of further complications. By addressing the abscess directly through the fistulotomy, healthcare providers can alleviate symptoms and prevent recurrence. Hence, this procedure is most frequently indicated in the context of abscess drainage, making it the most common reason for its performance.